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Detailed design

After 'Conceptual design' comes 'Detailed design' stage. Selected 'Two flexible fingers' concept is further developed into a detailed design, with exact dimensions for all the parts, which can be used for manufacturing it.

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To explain the Detailed Design step we will take you through a different industrial example so you can see a variety of mechanical products

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Now you will be working with the engineering design team of an automotive company manufacturing a wide range of cars, SUVs, vans and trucks

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Company is developing a new model of their
car with improvements in the brake system.
You will be working on the detailed design of
brake rotor for this model.

* This example is on product modification

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Detailed design

Step 1: Design generation

Determining product dimensions, material and
manufacturing process

* Note: Detailed design is done when developing new product as
well as modifying existing one

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Assignment
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You need to find minimum radius of rotor (r) needed as
per following requirements:

When driver presses the pedal, consider force exerted on master cylinder (F1) = 450 N

We will use our standard master and slave cylinders
where cross-sectional area of

Master cylinder (A1) = 300 mm2

Slave cylinder (A2) = 1600 mm2

Rotor material will be cast iron, so friction coefficient
between rotor and brake pad (µ) = 0.55

To stop car in desired way, minimum torque required
from friction between brake pads and rotor (τ) = 264 Nm

(Assume brake pads are very small compared to rotor
and close to rim of rotor to use radius of rotor “r” in
torque formula.)

About Brake System
How to find rotor radius?
view-instruction-icon View Instructions
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Let's get to work! Video and instructions on the right will explain how to solve this assignment. On proceeding you will be taken to your workspace to work on this.

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Rotor Radius Calculation Report
assignment-img
  • step 1
  • step 2
  • step 3

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Determine clamping force on rotor

Clamping force on rotor by single slave cylinder (F2)

=

N

Enter Value

*Numeric Value Required

Correct Answer

Clamping force on rotor by single slave cylinder (F2)

= (F1/A1) x A2

= (450N/300mm2) x 1600mm2

= 2400N

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Incorrect answer. Try again! Use a hint if required.

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Clamping force on rotor by single slave cylinder (F2) = 2400N

Determine friction force on rotor

Friction force on rotor by single brake pad (f)

=

1320 N

N

Enter Value

*Numeric Value Required

Total friction force on rotor (fT)

=

2640 N

N

Enter Value

*Numeric Value Required

Correct Answer

Friction force on rotor by single brake pad (f)

= μ x F2

= 0.55 x (2400N)

= 1320N

Total friction force on rotor (fT)

= 2 x f

= 2 x (1320N)

= 2640N

Submitted answer is incorrect.

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Incorrect answer. Try again! Use a hint if required.

Your answer is correct. Well done!

Total friction force on rotor (fT) = 2640N

Determine minimum rotor radius

Minimum rotor radius required (r)

=

mm

Enter Value

*Numeric Value Required

Correct Answer

Minimum rotor radius required (r)

= 𝝉 / fT

= 264Nm/2640N

= 0.1m

= 100mm

7 8 9 / C
4 5 6 * π
=
1 2 3 - 0 . +
( )

How to find rotor radius?
view-instruction-icon view instruction

hint-icon Hint

Step 1

By Pascal’s Law

F1/A1 = F2/A2

Step 2

Friction force exerted by each brake pad on the rotor

f = μ x F2

Step 3

Torque on the rotor due to friction from the two brake pads

Ï„ = r x total friction force on the rotor

= r x 2f

hint-icon Hint

By Pascal’s Law

F1/A1 = F2/A2

hint-icon Hint

Friction force on rotor by single brake pad (f) = μ x F2

Total friction force on rotor (fT) = 2f

(as there are two brake pads, one on both sides of the rotor)

hint-icon Hint

Torque on the rotor due to friction from the two brake pads (τ) = r X fT

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3D Model Design

From the initial data (minimum radius, thickness), engineer
makes a 3D Model of the rotor using software

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This is a base design which will
further be analysed and optimised.

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